Rich Internet Application (RIA)

A Rich Internet Application (RIA) is a Web application that has many of the characteristics of desktop application software, typically delivered either by way of a site-specific browser, via a browser plug-in, independent sandboxes, extensive use of JavaScript, or virtual machines.[1] Adobe Flash, JavaFX, and Microsoft Silverlight are currently the three most common platforms

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rich_Internet_application




A Rich Internet Application (e.g. Pokerstars) provides a modern looking web application with animations, effects and multimedia features.
The web application is hardly recognizable as web application, there is no HTML user interface with forms, drop down boxes or tables.
Typical features of web browsers such as bookmarking or forwards / backwards navigation are usually missing.
A plugin must be installed required (e.g. Java Runtime Environment or Adobe Flash Player).

Rich Internet Application(RIA) technologies

• JavaFX

JavaFX is a software platform for creating and delivering rich Internet applications that can run across a wide variety of connected devices.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JavaFX
http://www.javafx.com/

• Microsoft Silverlight

Microsoft Silverlight is an application framework for writing and running rich internet applications, with features and purposes similar to those of Adobe Flash. The run-time environment for Silverlight is available as a plug-in for most web browsers running under MS Windows.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Silverlight

Single sign-on

Single sign-on (SSO) is a property of access control of multiple related, but independent software systems. With this property a user logs in once and gains access to all systems without being prompted to log in again at each of them. Single sign-off is the reverse property whereby a single action of signing out terminates access to multiple software systems.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Single_sign-on

Turing machine

A Turing machine is a device that manipulates symbols on a strip of tape according to a table of rules. Despite its simplicity, a Turing machine can be adapted to simulate the logic of any computer algorithm, and is particularly useful in explaining the functions of a CPU inside a computer.
 The Turing machine is not intended as practical computing technology, but rather as a hypothetical device representing a computing machine. Turing machines help computer scientists understand the limits of mechanical computation.

 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turing_machine

open closed principle

• Open/closed principle

In object-oriented programming, the open/closed principle states "software entities (classes, modules, functions, etc.) should be open for extension, but closed for modification"; that is, such an entity can allow its behaviour to be modified without altering its source code.
code obeying the principle doesn't change when it is extended, and therefore needs no such effort.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open/closed_principle