Seven Basic Quality Tools

• Seven Basic Tools of Quality

The Seven Basic Tools of Quality is a designation given to a fixed set of graphical techniques identified as being most helpful in troubleshooting issues related to quality
They are called basic because they are suitable for people with little formal training in statistics and because they can be used to solve the vast majority of quality-related issues

The seven tools are:

    Cause-and-effect (also known as the "fish-bone" or Ishikawa) diagram
    Check sheet
    Control chart
    Histogram
    Pareto chart
    Scatter diagram
    Stratification (alternately, flow chart or run chart)

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seven_Basic_Tools_of_Quality

• Seven Basic Quality Tools

Quality pros have many names for these seven basic tools of quality, first emphasized by Kaoru Ishikawa, a professor of engineering at Tokyo University and the father of “quality circles.”

Start your quality journey by mastering these tools, and you'll have a name for them too: "indispensable."

    Cause-and-effect diagram (also called Ishikawa or fishbone chart): Identifies many possible causes for an effect or problem and sorts ideas into useful categories.
    Check sheet: A structured, prepared form for collecting and analyzing data; a generic tool that can be adapted for a wide variety of purposes.
    Control charts: Graphs used to study how a process changes over time.
    Histogram: The most commonly used graph for showing frequency distributions, or how often each different value in a set of data occurs.
    Pareto chart: Shows on a bar graph which factors are more significant.
    Scatter diagram: Graphs pairs of numerical data, one variable on each axis, to look for a relationship.
    Stratification: A technique that separates data gathered from a variety of sources so that patterns can be seen (some lists replace “stratification” with “flowchart” or “run chart”).

http://asq.org/learn-about-quality/seven-basic-quality-tools/overview/overview.html

• Basic Quality Tools

Most of the organizations use quality tools for various purposes related to controlling and assuring quality.
These quality tools are quite generic and can be applied to any condition.
There are seven basic quality tools used in organizations.
http://www.tutorialspoint.com/management_concepts/basic_quality_tools.htm

• run chart     

A run chart is also known as run sequence plot. It is a graphical representation of observed data in a time sequence. The data generally represents the performance or output of a process. They are used to find anomalies in data that may help to detect factors that influence variability of a process. It is a simplest form of control chart as it depicts only the elementary measures of data over a period. These can also be created in Excel from the Ql Macros pull down menu
http://www.management-hub.com/project-management-tools-pert-gantt-run-chart.html

• Pareto Charts 

Pareto Charts have been used in project management, especially Six Sigma, as a useful tool. The Pareto chart shows vertical bars (in descending order) and a line chart depicting the cumulative totals of categories. Pareto charts can be easily created in Microsoft Excel. Generally, Pareto charts are an important tool used in quality management - but when are you supposed to use these? There are at least four instances when creating a Pareto chart is advisable:

To analyze the frequency of defects in a process
To look at causes in a process
To figure out what the most significant problem in a process is
To communicate data with others
http://www.brighthubpm.com/project-planning/57119-when-do-you-need-to-use-a-pareto-chart/

• Cause-and-effect diagram (also called Ishikawa or fishbone chart): Identifies many possible causes for an effect or problem and sorts ideas into useful categories.

Control charts: Graphs used to study how a process changes over time.
Pareto chart: Shows on a bar graph which factors are more significant.
Scatter diagram: Graphs pairs of numerical data, one variable on each axis, to look for a relationship.
http://asq.org/learn-about-quality/seven-basic-quality-tools/overview/overview.html

• The run chart can be a valuable tool at the beginning of a project, as it reveals important information about a process before you have collected enough data to create reliable control limits.

https://www.pqsystems.com/qualityadvisor/DataAnalysisTools/run_chart.php